social fear study and why???? opinion about crypto ,,and what do people think about their life feel how you feel............. behaviour >>>>>do u know how to use naloxone health is wealth natural medicine blogger dr tan dr julei rao
My blogs
Blogs I follow
About me
| Gender | Male |
|---|---|
| Links | Wishlist |
| Introduction | clinic 6048138423heal6044288682 ,med license dr Julie rao acpuncture6047109668,6044288682 6047703400 Followed by 214 people beijingtrt.janeapp.com/#/staff_member/3/treatment/38 totalvitalitycentre.janeapp.com/?fbclid=IwAR2DGEE3T7GTaaRqEoNLa3X9e-Y7UfMnrG7-UFmyo_2uP5TjIDJql4IPdZc#/staff_member/36/treatment/4 totalvitalitycentre.janeapp.com/#/staff_member/36/treatment/4 bing.com/search?q=dr+julie+rao+booking&cvid=d05d7f1524ba464496d324df1e1e78ec&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBggAEAAYQDIGCAAQABhAMgYIARAAGEAyBggCEAAYQDIGCAMQABhAMgYIBBAAGEAyBggFEAAYQDIGCAYQABhAMgYIBxAAGEAyBggIEAAYQNIBCDM1OTNqMGozqAIAsAIA&FORM=ANAB01&PC=U531 |
| Interests | problem solver clinic 6048138423heal6044288682 ,med license dr Julie rao acpuncture6047109668,6044288682 6047703400 Followed by 214 people beijingtrt.janeapp.com/#/staff_member/3/treatment/38 totalvitalitycentre.janeapp.com/?fbclid=IwAR2DGEE3T7GTaaRqEoNLa3X9e-Y7UfMnrG7-UFmyo_2uP5TjIDJql4IPdZc#/staff_member/36/treatment/4 totalvitalitycentre.janeapp.com/#/staff_member/36/treatment/4 bing.com/search?q=dr+julie+rao+booking&cvid=d05d7f1524ba464496d324df1e1e78ec&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBggAEAAYQDIGCAAQABhAMgYIARAAGEAyBggCEAAYQDIGCAMQABhAMgYIBBAAGEAyBggFEAAYQDIGCAYQABhAMgYIBxAAGEAyBggIEAAYQNIBCDM1OTNqMGozqAIAsAIA&FORM=ANAB01&PC=U531 |
| Favorite movies | my movie |
| Favorite music | my music |
| Favorite books | my book |
Advantages & Disadvantages of Cryptocurrency in 2025 - Forbes
Why Should You Use Crypto? | The Motley Fool
- Transaction speed. If you want to send someone money in the United States, …
- Transaction costs. The cost of transacting in cryptocurrency is relatively low …
- Accessibility. Anyone can use cryptocurrency. All you need is a computer or …
- Security. Unless someone gains access to the private key for your crypto …
- See more
SPECIAL CLASS --- In Person - or by WEBCAST -
Join us for the
OPENING CELEBRATION OF
Master Sha's Tao Healing Centre VANCOUVER ...See More
The average fund in Canada has an annual management fee of approximately 2.5%,
a number that looks pretty reasonable on the surface. do you prefer 0.10 or 0.05 But in reality it’s a huge bite of an investor’s wealth each year. With the stock market only expected to return in the neighborhood of 8-9% annually, taking away 2.5% each year is a pretty serious handic...See More
art chinese new year 2016 see https://www.facebook.com/al.tan.3591/videos/10153838323786917/?l=832100197405295839
nutrition class free video https://www.facebook.com/al.tan.3591/videos/10153459497281917/?l=2006018816604154568
public relations free video https://www.facebook.com/al.tan.3591/videos/10153359848521917/?l=1225722118788114504
comedy just one laugh free https://www.facebook.com/al.tan.3591/videos/10153359848521917/?l=1225722118788114504
http://www.eventbrite.ca/.../anti-aging-class-by-dr-julie...
Anti aging class by dr julie rao tcm acpuncture and by albert tan ph.d amd dnm rsvp 60
604 324 9302 Most people understand our emotions have a lot to do with our health, medicine of the mind and body connection also, Chinese medicine tells you how: Over joy hurts heart; sadness hurts lungs; anger hurts liver; worry and too much thinking hurts spleen, and f Fear hurts kidneys.…
eventbrite.ca...See More
Here are ten startups on the radar for 2015.
1. Slack
Slack is an internal communication platform that is used by over 30,000 companies. Founded by Flickr co-founder Stewart Butterfield in 2013, the company has quickly reached a valuation of over $1 billion. Slack allows company employees to communicate in one place no ...See More
•Our goal is to provide interested patients, volunteers and caregivers with convenient access to currently enrolling studies
•We offer a free and secure user account to all interested people as well as a notification service keeping you informed about current studies
•If you are interested in a study, you can fill out a brief online questionnaire to determine whether this study may be suitable for you
•We at ClinLife® do not conduct the study ourselves but we forward your information to a participating study center near you
2. Make money
3. Improve efficiency of a process or procedure
4. Improve quality of a product or service
5. Fix an existing problem
6. Prevent a future problem
reduce risk
save life
reduce pain
increase happy...See More
Students will be learning how to tackle the challenge by employing the strategic design method, which is currently taught in Sauder's d.studio, founded by Professor Moura Quayle. Strategic design is a process that blends analytical and creative tools to generate a broad range of solutions to systemic challenges or opportunities.
Adjunct Professor Angèle Beausoleil, who teaches in the d.studio, will co-lead the event. Supplies, beverages and food will be provided to participants, mentors and judges.
To support researchers interested in this funding opportunity, the CIHR Institute of Gender and Health has developed a free online course, which examines how sex can be integrated into biomedical research at every stage of the research project.
The Project
The Team and Partners
It is with great enthusiasm that I am forwarding my resume for your consideration. My record of academic achievements and professional career history demonstrates attributes that makes me a valuable professional translator. I am proposing my international experience and acquired linguistic knowledge to work as a freelance translator.
My name is Jolie Dodier and I am a French and a Portuguese native speaker. I have been working as a freelance translator, in France and Portugal for more than 8 years. From 2000 to 2003, I worked as an official translator/interpreter and Coordinato...See More
!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!
volunteer for www.msf.ca welcome
isbn 978-1-4116-7478-3 why is there a universe ? by dr albert sze wei tan 604 813 8423 + music by albert tan 6048138423
Price: $29.00 USD. Words: 5,940. Language: English. Published on November 10, 2010. Categories: Nonfiction » Inspiration » Spiritual inspiration
Copyright 2011 Smashwords Edition isbn 978-1-4116-7478-3 WHY IS THERE a UNIVERSE???????????????????? By Dr.Albert Sze Wei Tan Ph.D(hon) AMD 5490 Ross Street Vancouver BC V5W 3K9 Canada 604 813 8...See More
604 813 8423 click www.alberttanpiano.yolasite.com - Do main voice Settings art show need event manager
www.aapianoprofessional.com
Aplusinsurance
aplusinsurance.yolasite.com - -------------------www.aplusinsurance.com Publish to world
aplusprinting
aplusprinting.yolasite.com - -------> www.aplusprinting.com
Online Store...See More
Do you find your joy of visiting your native place robbed by the hassles of travel and other logistics arrangements? Do you often come across paucity of time to complete all of your ‘must finish’ tasks? We are ready to share your burden to make you free to enjoy your visit. We provide services not only during your visit here but also in your absence on continuous basis.
T0P CARE SERVICES (NRIs) provide the following services.
· Travel and logistics assistance
· Medical services re...See More
Elementary School Tutors: Communication Skills, English, ESL, French, Geography, History, Math, Reading, Science, Social Studies, The Arts, Writing, Music, Piano, Violin, Computers
High School Tutors: Biology, Business Studies, Career Education, Chemistry, Classical Studies, Communication Skills, Computers and IT, English, ESL, Foreign Languages, French, Geography, History, Law, Literacy, Essay Writing, Math, Native Studies, Physics, Politics, Social Studies, Technology, The Arts
College and University Tutors: Accounting Tutor, Taxes, Archeol...See More
learn chi kung fu see video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0wyVMjeTUyU
ChatGPT said:
It sounds like you’re asking a deep question:
If someone already has comfort, security, and no major material needs, what does “success” or “happiness” look like—especially approaching age 65?
And: What should a person do before death? What could be on a meaningful bucket list?
Here’s a clear, human-centered way to think about it.
⭐ What Success Means in This Stage of Life
When material needs are met, success becomes less about having and more about being:
1. Being Healthy
-
Maintaining strength, mobility, and stamina
-
Feeling mentally sharp
-
Avoiding preventable pain and disease
2. Being Connected
-
Having people who care about you
-
Strengthening family relationships
-
Building or maintaining friendships
-
Contributing to a community
3. Being Useful / Having Purpose
-
Doing things that matter (even small things)
-
Sharing wisdom
-
Mentoring younger people
-
Helping others
4. Being at Peace
-
Resolving old regrets
-
Forgiving others (and yourself)
-
Feeling that your life meant something
⭐ What Someone “Should” Do Before Death (In a Meaningful Way)
Here is a gentle, important checklist—emotional, practical, and spiritual.
✔ Emotional / Psychological
-
Say the important things: “I love you,” “I’m proud of you,” “I’m sorry,” “Thank you.”
-
Reconnect with someone you've lost touch with.
-
Write down a few life lessons for family or friends.
✔ Legacy / Practical
-
Have a clear will
-
Document medical wishes (in case you can’t speak)
-
Organize important accounts/documents
-
Consider writing a life story or small memoir
✔ Personal Fulfillment
-
Do the things you’ve always wanted but postponed
-
Face one fear
-
Learn one new thing you’ve always been curious about
-
Simplify life—less stuff, more meaning
⭐ A Meaningful Bucket List for Someone Who Already “Has Everything”
Here’s a list focused on experiences, emotions, purpose, and joy, not material items.
🟦 Adventure / Exploration
-
Travel somewhere you’ve never been (near or far)
-
Ride your bike in a place that feels magical (coastal path, mountain trail, countryside)
-
See the Northern Lights
-
Visit a national park you’ve always wanted to explore
-
Spend a few nights in nature unplugged
🟦 Relationships & Connection
-
Host a small gathering with people who shaped your life
-
Write letters to loved ones to be opened later
-
Reconnect with an old friend
-
Tell your life story to someone younger
-
Spend a full day with no phone—just real presence
🟦 Personal Growth / Fulfillment
-
Take a class in something you love: photography, art, music, cooking, history
-
Learn one skill you’ve always admired (playing a song, carving wood, painting, dancing)
-
Master a physical challenge—100-mile bike ride, hiking a trail
-
Meditate in a quiet place daily for a week
-
Volunteer for something you care about
🟦 Legacy & Meaning
-
Record a video or write a letter sharing your life lessons
-
Plant a tree
-
Create a memory book with photos and stories
-
Donate something meaningful to a cause you believe in
-
Leave behind a positive message for future generations
🟦 Joy
-
Eat your favorite foods guilt-free for a day
-
Wake up early to watch the sunrise
-
Spend an evening stargazing
-
Dance alone to music you loved at 20
-
Laugh more often—seek moments of play
⭐ A Simple, Powerful Question
What would make you say, “I’m glad I lived” ?
Your bucket list should be built from those answers.
If you'd like, I can create:
-
a customized bucket list
-
a step-by-step life plan for the next 5–10 years
-
a “purpose finder” exercise
-
or a reflection based on your personality and interests (tell me a bit more about yourself)
Would you like something more personalized?
You said:
ChatGPT said:
Great — let’s make this personal and meaningful.
To design a custom life plan + bucket list, I need to know a little about you.
Please answer as many as you want (even short answers are fine):
1. What gives you joy right now?
Examples: biking, nature, reading, cooking, family, quiet time, traveling, learning new things…
2. What do you feel is missing or incomplete in your life?
Examples: friendships, purpose, excitement, health goals, creativity, closure, love, adventure…
3. How is your health and energy?
Examples: great, okay, limited, want to improve, specific issues…
4. Do you prefer adventure… or peace… or both?
5. Is there anything you regret not doing yet?
Big or small.
6. What matters most to you:
Choose any:
-
relationships
-
contribution/helping others
-
learning
-
creativity
-
spirituality
-
fun/adventure
-
comfort/peace
-
achievement
-
leaving a legacy
-
something else?
7. What kind of person do you want to be remembered as?
Once you answer, I’ll design:
🌟 A personalized definition of success
🌟 A realistic, joyful life plan for your 60s and beyond
🌟 A bucket list tailored to your preferences
🌟 Suggestions for what to do “before death” that fit your values
Take your time — even short replies are enough.
You said:
ChatGPT said:
Great — thank you.
To create something personal and meaningful for you, I still need your answers to the questions.
Here they are again, simplified.
You can answer in one-word or short sentences:
1. What brings you joy now?
(biking, nature, family, hobbies, etc.)
2. What do you feel is missing?
3. How is your health and energy?
4. Do you prefer adventure or peace — or both?
5. Is there anything you regret not doing?
6. What matters most to you?
(relationships, helping others, learning, creativity, spirituality, fun, legacy, peace, etc.)
7. How do you want to be remembered?
Just reply with your answers (even very short).
Then I’ll build your custom bucket list and life plan.
You said:
ChatGPT said:
Finding peace in the world is a huge and ancient question — but peace always starts small, with individual actions that scale outward. Here’s the clearest, most human way to understand it:
🌎 How to Have Peace in the World
1. Peace begins inside each person
You cannot have global peace without personal peace.
Inner peace comes from:
-
calming the mind
-
understanding yourself
-
letting go of anger and old wounds
-
choosing compassion instead of reaction
-
living simply and with purpose
A peaceful person creates a peaceful environment around them.
2. Peace grows between people
When we treat others with respect, we reduce conflict.
This includes:
-
listening before judging
-
resolving disagreements kindly
-
apologizing when wrong
-
forgiving
-
being generous
One peaceful relationship at a time becomes peaceful families → communities → societies.
3. Peace requires fairness
People fight when they feel:
-
unheard
-
mistreated
-
excluded
-
hopeless
-
unsafe
-
starving or desperate
Peace grows when:
-
people have food, shelter, safety
-
laws are fair
-
leaders act with integrity
-
resources are shared
-
everyone has opportunities
4. Peace requires understanding differences
The world has different cultures, religions, beliefs, and histories.
Peace is not when everyone agrees — it’s when everyone respects differences.
This means:
-
learning about others
-
avoiding stereotypes
-
being curious instead of fearful
-
seeing humanity in everyone
5. Peace comes from small daily actions
No single person can magically fix the world.
But each person can:
-
be kind
-
help someone
-
speak gently
-
reduce their own anger
-
make their home and community a calmer place
-
avoid spreading negativity or hate
-
practice gratitude
These actions seem small — but they multiply.
6. Peace is a lifetime practice
It’s not a final destination.
It’s something people work on every day:
-
with mindfulness
-
with empathy
-
with courage
-
with patience
🌟 The Most Important Truth
You change the world by changing what’s within you and around you.
Even one peaceful person can influence hundreds of others over a lifetime.
If you want, I can also tell you:
-
How you personally can create peace in your life
-
How to reduce stress and find inner peace at age 65
-
How to live the rest of your life with calm and purpose
Would you like that?
You said:
ChatGPT said:
Great — here is a clear, simple guide made especially for someone around age 65 who already has comfort, a home, and stability.
This is about creating inner peace, outer peace, and a peaceful legacy.
🌿 HOW YOU CAN CREATE PEACE IN YOUR LIFE (AND IN THE WORLD)
⭐ 1. Simplify Your Life
Peace grows when life becomes lighter.
-
Declutter rooms slowly
-
Keep only what brings joy or usefulness
-
Reduce noise, stress, and unnecessary obligations
-
Create 1–2 quiet, calm spaces in your home
A simple life makes room for peace.
⭐ 2. Strengthen Your Inner Calm
At 65, the most powerful thing you can do for peace is calm your own mind.
Try:
-
10 minutes of deep breathing each morning
-
Walking or biking in nature
-
Listening to soothing music
-
Meditation apps or even simple silence
Inner calm radiates outward.
⭐ 3. Heal Old Wounds
Peace comes from letting go.
You don’t need to settle every argument.
But you can:
-
Forgive people who hurt you (for your peace, not theirs)
-
Apologize to someone if needed
-
Release old anger
-
Accept what cannot be changed
This creates emotional peace.
⭐ 4. Nourish Loving Relationships
Even one strong, warm relationship increases peace in the world.
Do things like:
-
Call someone you care about
-
Reconnect with a friend
-
Spend quality time with family
-
Tell people you love them
-
Listen more deeply
Peace grows through connection.
⭐ 5. Live by Kindness and Humility
Small acts of kindness create huge waves:
-
Help a neighbor
-
Compliment someone
-
Donate food or clothes
-
Volunteer for a day
-
Smile at strangers
-
Choose gentle words instead of harsh ones
These small choices produce real peace.
⭐ 6. Use Your Wisdom
At 65, you have something younger generations don’t: life experience.
Share it:
-
Teach someone a skill
-
Tell your life stories
-
Give guidance without forcing it
-
Mentor a young person
Wisdom passed on = peace passed on.
⭐ 7. Take Care of Your Health
A peaceful body supports a peaceful mind.
Focus on:
-
Regular biking or walking
-
Eating well
-
Good sleep
-
Limiting stress
-
Staying connected socially
When your body feels steady, your mind becomes calmer too.
⭐ 8. Create a Peaceful Home Environment
You don’t need riches — you already have them.
What brings peace:
-
Plants
-
Natural light
-
Clean, calm spaces
-
Soft music
-
A place to read or think
-
A place to meditate or pray
Your home becomes a small world of peace.
⭐ 9. Give Back in a Way That Feels Right
World peace begins with local action.
You can:
-
Volunteer once a week or month
-
Help at a food bank
-
Donate unused clothing
-
Support a cause you care about
-
Be the calmest, kindest person in your community
Even tiny actions ripple outward.
🌟 10. Legacy: Leave the World Softer Than You Found It
This is the deepest peace.
You can:
-
Write letters to loved ones
-
Record your life stories
-
Preserve your memories
-
Plant a tree
-
Encourage kindness
-
Teach peace to others
Your legacy becomes peace for future generations.
⭐ SUMMARY: A SIMPLE PEACE PLAN FOR YOU
Daily:
-
Breathe, walk, bike, or sit in silence
-
Be kind to at least one person
-
Keep your home calm and simple
Weekly:
-
Connect with someone
-
Do something nice for someone
-
Spend time in nature
Monthly:
-
Declutter one area
-
Reflect on life, gratitude, lessons
Yearly:
-
Forgive
-
Create a memory or story to pass on
-
Choose one act of meaningful service
If you want, I can also create:
🌟 A personal bucket list for inner peace
🌟 A 10-year peaceful life plan
🌟 A peace routine designed around your habits and lifestyle
Would you like one of those?
You said:
ChatGPT said:
Great — I can create any of these for you:
-
A personal bucket list for inner peace
-
A 10-year peaceful life plan (age 65 → 75)
-
A daily/weekly peace routine designed around your lifestyle (biking, simple living, no car, etc.)
Before I generate it, please tell me which one you want, or simply say:
-
“All three”
-
“#1”
-
“#2”
-
“#3”
Which would you like?
You said:
ChatGPT said:
Alright — I’ll give you all three, simple, clear, and made for someone around age 65 who wants peace, meaning, and a good life.
🌿 1. PERSONAL BUCKET LIST FOR INNER PEACE
⭐ Peace of Mind
-
Spend a full day in complete silence
-
Meditate outdoors at sunrise
-
Take a slow week with no news, no stress
-
Write down 10 things you’re grateful for
-
Let go of one regret or past hurt
⭐ Peace in Relationships
-
Call someone you miss
-
Say “I love you” to someone who needs to hear it
-
Apologize to one person if needed
-
Have one deep conversation with someone younger
-
Reconnect with an old friend
⭐ Peace in the Body
-
Bike your favorite route during quiet hours
-
Do a 30-day gentle stretching routine
-
Walk in nature once a week
-
Try a new healthy recipe
-
Spend time barefoot in grass or sand (grounding)
⭐ Peace in the Soul
-
Watch a sunset in a beautiful place
-
Visit a place that brings you calm (park, lake, forest)
-
Create something: a drawing, a poem, a short story
-
Write your life lessons for future generations
-
Plant a tree
🌿 2. 10-YEAR PEACEFUL LIFE PLAN (AGE 65 → 75)
Years 65–67: Re-centering
-
Simplify your home and life
-
Build consistent habits: calm mornings, biking, quiet evenings
-
Strengthen relationships
-
Start gathering your life stories, photos, memories
-
Set health routines you can maintain for the next decade
Years 68–70: Exploration & Joy
-
Travel slowly (bike, train, walking — no stress)
-
Visit places you’ve always wanted
-
Try 1–2 new hobbies
-
Join a community group or volunteer
-
Build a “peace project” — something small but meaningful
Years 71–73: Wisdom & Legacy
-
Write or record your story
-
Mentor someone younger
-
Organize important documents (will, wishes, memories)
-
Teach others what peace means to you
-
Create annual family or friend traditions
Years 74–75: Emotional Peace & Acceptance
-
Focus on health, simplicity, connection
-
Forgive everything you still carry
-
Enjoy slow days, nature, good conversations
-
Reflect on life with gratitude
-
Leave the world softer than you found it
🌿 3. DAILY & WEEKLY PEACE ROUTINE
⭐ Daily (small actions)
Morning:
-
Deep breaths (2–5 minutes)
-
Light stretching
-
A quiet cup of tea/coffee
-
Read something uplifting
-
Go for a short walk or bike ride
During the day:
-
Speak gently
-
Be kind to one person
-
Take one pause of silence
Evening:
-
Turn off news/screens early
-
Write down 1–2 things you’re thankful for
-
Listen to calming music
-
Sleep at the same time each night
⭐ Weekly
-
Bike or walk in nature
-
Declutter a small area in your home
-
Call someone you care about
-
Do something creative
-
Do one act of generosity
-
Have one quiet evening alone
🌟 FINAL MESSAGE
Peace isn’t the end of life — it’s the purpose of this stage of life.
You’re entering the years where you can finally shape your world into something calm, kind, meaningful, and full of simple joy.
If you'd like, I can also create:
-
A simple daily checklist you can print
-
A bucket list focused on adventure
-
A life-purpose map
-
A plan based on your personality
Just tell me.
About Us
Our Mission:
Democratizing access to mental health care, through creating and supporting solutions that address the mental health crisis. We believe that every human being deserves to feel their best.
❝
We believe that every human being deserves to feel their best.
- Buddyhelp.org
BuddyHelp is a free mental health resource. Built as a result of being deeply moved by the incredible amounts of collective pain and suffering throughout the world during the height of the coronavirus lockdown in the spring of 2020. We’re addressing the mental health crisis with a 3-pronged approach:
- Providing free volunteer-led emotional support,
- Providing professional counseling for those that need more, and
- Providing a free educational platform via our University of Compassion, where people can learn psychological first aid and counseling skills and even earn life coaching certifications. We’ve flipped the tuition model on this, and are providing it completely free, as there is a growing compassion gap and traditional institutes cannot keep up with demand.
We are working hand-in-hand with leading organizations, to provide an outlet and resources to their user bases, as well as raise awareness. Do you feel called to this mission? Join us, get involved!
The ability to form friendships varies significantly among individuals, stemming from a complex interplay of psychological, social, and biological factors. Some people find it easy to connect with others, while for some, it presents a considerable challenge. This disparity can be attributed to several contributing elements, including past experiences, personality traits, and underlying psychological conditions.
Factors Contributing to Difficulty in Forming Friendships
Trauma and Past Experiences: Individuals who have experienced trauma, such as abuse, neglect, or significant social rejection, may develop deep-seated trust issues and a fear of vulnerability. These experiences can lead to a reluctance to open up to new people, making it difficult to form close bonds. For instance, a history of betrayal can make someone wary of forming new attachments, fearing a repeat of past pain.[1] This can manifest as social anxiety, where the individual anticipates negative judgment or rejection from others, leading them to avoid social interactions altogether.[2]
Extreme Introversion: Introversion is a personality trait characterized by a preference for solitary activities and a tendency to feel drained by social interaction, recharging through alone time. While not a disorder, extreme introversion can make initiating and maintaining friendships more challenging. Introverts may find small talk exhausting and prefer deep, meaningful conversations, which can take time to develop. They might also have a smaller social battery, meaning they can only handle a limited amount of social interaction before needing to withdraw.[3] This is distinct from social anxiety, though the two can sometimes overlap.
Social Anxiety Disorder: Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is a mental health condition characterized by an intense, persistent fear of social situations. Individuals with SAD worry excessively about being judged, scrutinized, or humiliated by others. This fear can be so debilitating that it leads to avoidance of social gatherings, even those with close friends or family. The physical symptoms of anxiety, such as blushing, sweating, trembling, or a racing heart, can further exacerbate their discomfort and reinforce their avoidance behaviors.[4]
Attachment Styles: Early childhood experiences with caregivers shape an individual's attachment style, which influences how they relate to others in adulthood. Insecure attachment styles, such as anxious-preoccupied or dismissive-avoidant, can make friendship formation difficult. Anxiously attached individuals may crave closeness but fear rejection, leading to clinginess or excessive worry. Avoidantly attached individuals may suppress their need for intimacy and maintain emotional distance, making it hard for others to get close to them.[5]
Neurodevelopmental Differences: Conditions like Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can significantly impact social interaction. Individuals with ASD may have difficulties with social cues, understanding non-verbal communication, and engaging in reciprocal conversation, which are crucial for forming and maintaining friendships. They may also have intense, focused interests that differ from their peers, making it harder to find common ground.[6]
Defining "Normal" and Diagnostic Guidelines
The DSM-III and DSM-IV: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) provides standardized criteria for diagnosing mental health conditions. The DSM has evolved significantly over its editions.
The DSM-III (1980) marked a pivotal shift in psychiatric diagnosis by introducing explicit diagnostic criteria and a multiaxial system. This aimed to increase diagnostic reliability and move away from more subjective, psychoanalytic approaches. It was a significant step towards making psychiatric diagnoses more empirical and less open to individual interpretation.[7]
The DSM-IV (1994) continued this trend, refining criteria and incorporating more research findings. However, criticisms regarding its cultural bias emerged. The DSM-IV was largely developed based on Western psychiatric perspectives and research, primarily from North America and Europe. This led to concerns that its diagnostic categories and criteria might not accurately reflect mental health presentations in diverse cultural contexts. For example, symptoms considered pathological in one culture might be normative in another, or certain culturally specific syndromes might not be recognized.[8] This cultural bias can lead to misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis in non-Western populations, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive diagnostic tools and approaches.
What is "Normal"? Defining "normal" in the context of human behavior and social interaction is complex and often subjective. From a psychological perspective, "normal" typically refers to behaviors, thoughts, and emotions that are statistically common, adaptive, and do not cause significant distress or impairment in an individual's life or to others. However, this definition is fluid and influenced by:
- Statistical Norms: What the majority of people do. However, statistical rarity does not automatically equate to pathology (e.g., being exceptionally intelligent is statistically rare but not abnormal).
- Cultural Norms: What is considered acceptable or expected within a particular society or group. As discussed with the DSM-IV, cultural context heavily influences perceptions of "normal" behavior.
- Functional Impairment: Whether a behavior or thought pattern causes significant distress, disability, or risk to oneself or others. This is a key criterion in mental health diagnosis.
- Developmental Stage: What is considered normal varies with age and developmental stage (e.g., temper tantrums are normal for a toddler but not for an adult).
Therefore, there is no single, universally accepted definition of "normal"; it is a multifaceted concept that must be considered within its specific context, taking into account cultural, social, and individual factors.[9]
Research Paper Style Summary
The ability to form friendships is a critical aspect of human well-being, yet significant individual differences exist in this capacity. This paper explores the multifaceted reasons behind difficulties in friendship formation, ranging from psychological trauma and extreme introversion to specific mental health conditions like social anxiety disorder and neurodevelopmental differences such as Autism Spectrum Disorder. Past negative experiences, particularly those involving betrayal or rejection, can foster deep-seated trust issues and a fear of vulnerability, impeding the development of new relationships. Personality traits, notably extreme introversion, can also contribute to challenges in initiating and maintaining social connections due to a preference for solitude and a lower tolerance for extensive social interaction. Furthermore, insecure attachment styles, shaped by early caregiver relationships, can manifest as patterns of relating that hinder genuine intimacy.
The discussion extends to the evolution of diagnostic frameworks, specifically contrasting the DSM-III and DSM-IV. While the DSM-III introduced crucial explicit diagnostic criteria to enhance reliability, the DSM-IV faced criticism for its inherent cultural bias, largely reflecting Western psychiatric perspectives. This bias underscores the difficulty in establishing universal definitions of "normal" behavior, as cultural norms significantly influence perceptions of what is considered typical or pathological. Ultimately, "normal" is a dynamic and context-dependent construct, influenced by statistical prevalence, cultural expectations, functional impact, and developmental stage, rather than a fixed, objective standard. Understanding these diverse factors is crucial for developing effective interventions and fostering greater social inclusion for individuals who struggle with friendship formation.
Authoritative Sources
- Herman, J. L. (1992). Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence—From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror. Basic Books.↩
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.↩
- Cain, S. (2012). Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking. Crown.↩
- National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d.). Social Anxiety Disorder: More Than Just Shyness. National Institute of Mental Health↩
- Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and Loss, Vol. 1: Attachment. Attachment and Loss. New York: Basic Books.↩
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.↩
- Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J., & Robins, E. (1978). Research Diagnostic Criteria: Rationale and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 35(6), 773-782. JAMA Network↩
- Mezzich, J. E., Kirmayer, L. J., Kleinman, A., Fabrega, H., Jr., Parron, D. L., Good, B., ... & Lin, K. M. (1999). The place of culture in DSM-IV. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(11), 1459-1460. ScienceDirect↩
- Widiger, T. A., & Sankis, L. M. (2000). Adult psychopathology: Issues and controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 51(1), 377-404. Annual Reviews↩
Comments
Post a Comment